Single gimbal expansion joints, also known as single universal joints, are components used in piping systems to absorb movements in a single plane. They consist of a single set of hinges or gimbal connected by a central spool or bellows.

Here’s how they work:

1. Gimbal Arrangement: The expansion joint consists of one set of gimbal arrangement, which allows movement in one plane.

2. Central Spool or Bellows: The gimbal arrangement is connected by a central spool or bellows, which accommodates axial movement, lateral deflection, or angular rotation.

3. Flexibility in One Direction: This design allows for movement in a single direction, typically axial movement (lengthwise expansion and contraction of the pipe).

4. Materials: Single gimbal expansion joints are usually made from materials like stainless steel, carbon steel, or other alloys suitable for the operating conditions of the piping system.

5. Applications: They are commonly used in piping systems where movement occurs predominantly in one plane due to factors such as thermal expansion or contraction. They are often employed in applications where there is limited space for movement or where only one direction of movement is anticipated.

6. Maintenance: Like double gimbal expansion joints, proper maintenance is crucial for single gimbal expansion joints. Regular inspection for signs of wear, corrosion, or damage is necessary, and any issues should be addressed promptly to prevent leaks or failure.

While single gimbal expansion joints offer flexibility in only one direction, they are still essential components in piping systems to accommodate movement and reduce stress on pipeline components, ensuring the integrity and functionality of the system.