Pipe flange gaskets are sealing components used to create a leak-proof connection between two flanged pipe fittings. Flange gaskets are positioned between the two mating flanges and compressed when the flange bolts are tightened, creating a tight seal that prevents fluid leakage from the joint.

Here are some key features and aspects of pipe flange gaskets:

1. Material: Flange gaskets are made from a variety of materials, each suited to different operating conditions and fluid types. Common materials include:

   • Non-metallic gaskets: Made from materials such as rubber (e.g., EPDM, neoprene), compressed non-asbestos fiber (CAF), PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), or graphite. These gaskets are suitable for sealing against a wide range of fluids and temperatures.
   • Metallic gaskets: Made from materials such as stainless steel, aluminum, or copper. Metallic gaskets are used in applications where extreme temperatures, pressures, or chemical compatibility are required.

2. Design: Flange gaskets come in various shapes and designs to match different flange types and standards, such as raised face (RF), flat face (FF), or ring joint (RTJ) flanges. Common designs include:

   • Full-face gaskets: Cover the entire surface area of the flange, providing a complete seal.
   • Ring-type gaskets: Fit inside the bolt circle of the flange and seal on the flange’s raised face or groove.
   • Spiral-wound gaskets: Made by winding a V-shaped metal strip and filler material. They provide resilience and sealing performance across a wide range of applications.

3. Pressure and Temperature Ratings: Flange gaskets are rated for specific pressure and temperature ranges to ensure proper sealing performance under operating conditions. It’s essential to select gaskets that are compatible with the intended application’s pressure and temperature requirements.

4. Chemical Compatibility: Flange gaskets should be selected based on their compatibility with the fluids and chemicals being conveyed in the piping system. Compatibility charts and material specifications can help determine the most suitable gasket material for specific applications.

5. Installation: Proper installation of flange gaskets is crucial for ensuring a leak-free joint. Gaskets should be aligned correctly between the flange faces, and the flange bolts should be tightened evenly and to the recommended torque specifications.

6. Maintenance: Flange gaskets should be inspected regularly for signs of wear, damage, or degradation. Damaged gaskets should be replaced promptly to maintain the integrity of the piping system.

Overall, pipe flange gaskets play a critical role in creating reliable and leak-proof connections in piping systems. Proper selection, installation, and maintenance of flange gaskets are essential to ensure the integrity and efficiency of the piping system.